Lighting is the largest portion of electricity consumption in developing countries specially in peak hours. One of the main major policies of all electricity producing companies is to reduce lighting consumption in peak hours. One way of achieving to this goal is to encourage the consumers to use compact florescent lamps. CFLs introduce the problem of distortion in power systems and may lower the power quality. ElectricitY producers are eager to know the following points about using this lamps:1. How this lamps distort the current waveform and to what extent?2. How this lamps influence the neutral line current?3. How much they increase the THD of system's voltage?4. Is it beneficial to use these lamps regarding the distortion problem?The goal of this paper is to find answers to the above mentioned questions by experimental modeling of combination of CFLs, TVs, refrigerators and incandescent lamps.

ABSTRACT Over the past 50 years since the first research in the field of urban development implementation plans, there has been a noticeable absence of a comprehensive literature review on this topic in the global arena. This article provides a textual analysis related to the subject of urban development implementation plans, to identify important and recurring themes alongside analyzing the relationships between authors, journals, and countries in this field. Along with the bibliographic analysis, documents related to the field of urban development implementation plans were reviewed to identify influential indicators in their implementation. To this end, 456 scientific articles were extracted from the Scopus scientific database as of October 28th, 2022, and analyzed using scientometric software. These analyses include examining author keywords, country co-authorships, journal bibliographic coupling, and author co-citations. In this study, 74 final indicators were identified as the most recurrent indicators in this field. The bibliographic analysis also produced several noteworthy results. The United States is the most active country in this field, with a link strength of 40 and 176 articles. Berke, P. is the most influential author in this field, with a link strength of 1623 and 99 citations. Among the journals examined, "Land Use Policy" has the highest bibliographic coupling strength of 84, and the "Journal of the American Planning Association" has the highest number of documents related to this field, with 22 documents; finally, among the identified. Extended Abstract Introduction The implementation of urban development projects has been a neglected topic in public policy research, despite its critical importance in ensuring the success of such projects. While there have been numerous studies on the factors that contribute to the success or failure of policy implementation, there has been a lack of systematic reviews on the subject of implementation as a whole. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. The study begins by collecting and categorizing existing research in the field, focusing on three main questions: -What are the key indicators for successful implementation? -What are urban journals and articles' current trends and performance? -How do countries and researchers collaborate in this area? The study also examines the relationships between authors, publishers, and different types of documents through bibliographic analysis. Ultimately, this study highlights the need for further research and a more structured approach to understanding the implementation process of urban development projects.   Methodology This study examined the literature related to implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning. The authors used the Scopus database to extract and collect data, focusing on combining the keywords "implementation-plan" and "evaluation-plan" in the keywords, abstracts, and titles. Initially, 621 studies were extracted, but 456 articles were selected as the final database after filtering out non-article documents. The authors observed a general upward trend for studies from 1968 to 2022, with a significant increase in the slope of the trend from 2007. However, a slight decrease in studies was observed in 2021 and 2022, possibly due to the global pandemic and the emergence of new related topics. The authors used a four-stage process to analyze the bibliographic subject of the study, including simultaneous occurrence analysis, co-authorship analysis, bibliographic coupling analysis, co-citation analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis. The authors identified the selected articles' research objectives, methodologies, findings, and main themes and sub-themes. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning.   Results and discussion This research aims to comprehensively analyze the implementation and execution of urban development plans using bibliometrics and systematic analysis. The study considers evaluation as a crucial part of the implementation process and seeks to answer three fundamental questions. Firstly, it identifies effective indicators of implementation and execution globally. Secondly, it examines the trends and performances of new articles and urban journals. Thirdly, it investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and researchers. The study identifies 74 general indicators that significantly impact the implementation process of urban plans. The results show that "performance evaluation," "effectiveness," "land use," "zonation," "participation," "program quality," and "implementation program" are critical indicators in this area. The study also highlights the importance of evaluation in the discussion of program implementation and its separability from the implementation process. Using the scientometric software VOSviewer, the study analyzed 68 keywords related to the bibliographic topic. "Program evaluation" obtained the first place, followed by "Program implementation" and "Program quality." The co-authorship analysis based on author items revealed that Berke, P. has the highest number of citations and link strength. Additionally, the study found that 72 countries have research in this field, with 22 countries having at least 5 citations that were clustered into 5 clusters by the software. The "land use policy" journal had the highest link strength, and the "Journal of the American planning association" had the highest number of documents related to this field. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights for policymakers and researchers interested in urban development planning. It comprehensively examines the implementation and execution of urban development plans, identifies effective indicators, and investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and researchers. The study highlights the importance of evaluation in the implementation process and its separability from the implementation process.   Conclusion The main goal of this research was to fill the gap in research on the implementation and execution of urban development projects in the field, as no systematic review of the topic has been conducted from a global perspective since the first research in this field about half a century ago. Only in some studies, such as those by Talen (1996), Oliveira & Pinho (2010), Rudolf & Grădinaru (2017), has the evaluation of implementation been systematically reviewed, or the systematic review of experiences in a specific urban area, such as the review of various experiences in the Beijing urban area (Chu, 2020). In this research, with the comprehensive approach that the evaluation of implementation is an integral part of the overall process of implementing and executing urban development projects, this process has been examined from the perspective of bibliometrics and systematic analysis of this field. The main difference of this research, which makes it completely new, is firstly having a comprehensive approach to the implementation field, where program evaluation is only an important part of its structure, and secondly, using the scientometric software VOSviewer for the first time in this field. In essence, the conclusive outcomes of this investigation were entirely novel and exhibited some partial congruences with antecedent studies in the domain of appraising and discerning indicators. Significantly, this research has conferred a systematic appraisal of the literature concerning the urban implementation and execution of projects, which is an unprecedented contribution. It should be acknowledged that this is an initial survey of data intended to offer a comprehensive outlook on this scholarly field, and thus it is subject to certain limitations, such as its confinement to the Scopus database. As such, it is recommended that future research endeavors encompass an analysis of additional databases and undertake comparative evaluations of the results. Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments  We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

A Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna (RDRA) is Theoretically analyzed using the Conventional Dielectric Waveguide Model (CDWM), numerically simulated using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) software package and experimentally investigated with the consideration of the fundamental mode TE111. Antenna parameters under investigation include resonance frequency, radiation patterns, directivity, Q-factor, impedance bandwidth and cross polarization level. The results for a specific resonator are presented and compared with those obtained by experiments. It is concluded that the CDWM can be used for a first order estimation of the antenna parameters, but more accurate results can be obtained using the FEM for radiation patterns.

Background and Aim: In patients with complete denture, some clinicians have used modelling plastic impression compound (MPIC) along tissue conditioner (TC) materials simultaneously. Little information is available on the composition of these materials and the interaction between them. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of two components of MPIC on the structure and chemical composition of TC.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, MPIC specimens were provided in 25×2 mm discs. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups and were immersed in ethanol 70%, plasticizer (dibutyl phthalate) and a mixture of them (ethanol 70% and dibutyl phthalate). All of the discs were weighed with a digital balance before and 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours after immersion. Values were analyzed by non parametric Kruskal-Wallis (a= 0.05) and SPSS 16 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis.Results: Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among all groups (p>.05).Conclusion: Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) had high impact on the solubility of MP, while the mixture of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and ethanol demonstrated the highest impact.

Adsorption of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) onto calcium Hydroxyl Apatite (HA), Ca10PO4 (OH)2, has been studied by Ultra Violet (UV) spectroscopy. The adsorption isotherms of BSA onto the HA surface at 291.7 K and 303.2 K were satisfactorily presented by Langmuir equation and the evaluated parameters are reported. The specific surface area of HA has been measured by the BET method. The obtained value for the used HA sample was 63 m2/g. The effect of pH on BSA adsorption onto the HA in presence of salts KCl and NaF and phosphate ion has been investigated. In the fixed concentration of BSA (1 mg/mL) it is shown that the pH decreasing causes to increase of the adsorption of BSA onto HA. Considering the role of effective factors in BSA adsorption onto HA such as the size and charge of the BSA and the surface energy of HA showed that the electrostatic repulsion forces between HA and BSA cause a decrease in BSA adsorption onto HA. Also the obtained results indicated that the surface energy of HA predominates the effect of size and charge of BSA.

Background and Aim: There are different methods of oral health education for child population. Theater show is a method that has not received enough attention until now. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using theater show on dental health education in Yazd female elementary students.Materials and Methods: This was a quasi experimental study performed by using pre- and post-test method in Iran over the year 2004. One elementary school from each region of the city was selected. Twenty students from each grade of each school were included in the study (n=200). The information on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral health were collected by using a valid and reliable questionnaire before and after theater show performance. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: This study showed that the theater show could improve knowledge, attitude and proper oral health practice of children. The effect of the theater show on knowledge was more than attitude and was more on attitude than practice (P<0.001). Only literacy on the part of mothers was significantly correlated with practice (P=0.021). There were significant correlations between Knowledge (P=0.020), Attitude (P=0.0001) and oral health Practice (P=0.022) with students' grade level.Conclusion: This study showed that using theater show for oral health education, could improve the oral health related knowledge, attitude and proper oral health practice by elementary school students.

In most living organisms, the preparation of the genomic DNA for replication requires the unwinding of the parent double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) templates for the replication machinery, a job that is performed by helicases. Most replicative helicases are ring-shaped enzymes that couple the energy release of nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis into ssDNA translocation and, by extension, dsDNA unwinding. The objective of this study was to perform modeling and Theoretical evaluation of the DnaB Helicase in the transcription process. Considering the diversity of the helicases, we focused on the DnaB helicase. The DnaB hexamer (DnaB6) is the bacterial replicative DNA helicase that unwinds doublestranded DNA (dsDNA) ahead of the replication fork and provides single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) templates for the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. This helicase has 5' to 3' polarity. The subunits of DnaB6 are arranged in a right-handed spiral staircase conformation and are bound to two nucleotides of an A-form ssDNA per subunit. DnaB6 and other SF4 helicases may utilize a hand-over-hand translocation mechanism in which sequential hydrolysis of NTP is coupled to 5’ to 3’ translocation of the subunits with a step size of two nucleotides. In this paper the efficacy of these mechanisms are studied by using modeling and Monte-Carlo simulation, to moves DnaB along the DNA and to open its screws. Comparing the data from simulation and experiment, we are tried to obtain important simulation parameters. In addition the effects of the DNA sequence on the helicase activity are studied.

The international System has been disorderly and the presence of security dilemma in it from the past has been the main element of the formation of arm race. On the other hand, the arm can be regarded as factor of regional stability or instability and for this reason, Theoretical and conceptual foundations in modeling the arm race and regional orders has become the main question of this investigation. In this regard, the present research pose this hypothesis that when the arm race bring about strategic stability in power balance and also lead to deterrence in the frame of a strategic balance point, it is a stabilizing element, and when it causes instability in power balance and deterrence, it is a destabilizing factor. Moreover, the present article in terms of attention to strategy stability matter and its impact on regional orders, will try to analyze the consequences of emerging the arm race in this networks including organized, unplanned and substandard networks.

Block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock slopes. In such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn under their own weights and then all of them topple together. In this paper, first, a brief review of previous studies on toppling failures is presented. Then, the physical and mechanical properties of experimental modeling materials are summarized. Next, the physical modeling results of rock slopes with the potential of block-flexural toppling failures are explained and a new analytical solution is proposed for the stability analysis of such slopes. The results of this method are compared with the outcomes of the experiments. The comparative studies show that the proposed analytical approach is appropriate for the stability analysis of rock slopes against block-flexure toppling failure. Finally, a real case study is used for the practical verification of the suggested method.